Analisa Perbandingan Bata Merah dan Bata Kumbung (Bata Kapur Berpori) di Kabupaten Ngawi terhadap Kekuatan Struktur Bangunan

Abstract

The selection of masonry wall materials significantly influences the structural performance and durability of buildings. This study aims to compare the physical and mechanical properties of fired clay brick from Ngawi Regency and porous limestone brick (bata kumbung) from Bojonegoro Regency as wall masonry materials. A quantitative experimental method was employed using test specimens measuring 50 × 50 × 50 mm. The evaluated parameters included bulk density, water absorption, porosity, compressive strength, and modulus of rupture (MOR), based on SNI and ASTM standards. The experimental data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively. The results indicate that fired clay brick has higher bulk density, compressive strength, and flexural strength than porous limestone brick, making it more suitable for structural applications. In contrast, porous limestone brick exhibits higher porosity, greater water absorption, and lower unit weight, providing better thermal insulation and reduced dead load. These findings suggest that the selection of wall materials should consider not only structural strength but also thermal performance and construction requirements. This study provides comparative data that can serve as a reference for the utilization of local masonry materials in sustainable building construction.